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1.
Rev. Col. Bras. Cir ; 44(5): 545-548, Sept.-Oct. 2017. graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-896614

ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT Objective: to describe and evaluate the acceptance of a porcine experimental model in venous cutdown on a medical education project in Southwest of Brazil. Method: a porcine experimental model was developed for training in venous cutdown as a teaching project. Medical students and resident physicians received theoretical training in this surgical technique and then practiced it on the model. After performing the procedure, participants completed a questionnaire on the proposed model. This study presents the model and analyzes the questionnaire responses. Results: the study included 69 participants who used and evaluated the model. The overall quality of the porcine model was estimated at 9.16 while the anatomical correlation between this and human anatomy received a mean score of 8.07. The model was approved and considered useful in the teaching of venous cutdown. Conclusions: venous dissection training in porcine model showed good acceptance among medical students and residents of this institution. This simple and easy to assemble model has potential as an educational tool for its resemblance to the human anatomy and low cost.


RESUMO Objetivo: descrever e avaliar a aceitação de um modelo experimental porcino no aprendizado de dissecção venosa em projeto de educação médica no sudoeste do Brasil. Método: um modelo experimental porcino foi desenvolvido para treinamento em dissecção venosa como projeto de ensino. Estudantes de medicina e médicos residentes receberam treinamento teórico sobre esta técnica cirúrgica e em seguida a praticaram no modelo. Após realizar o procedimento, os participantes preencheram um questionário sobre o modelo proposto. Este estudo apresenta o modelo e analisa as respostas ao questionário. Resultados: o estudo contou com 69 participantes que utilizaram e avaliaram o modelo. A qualidade geral do modelo porcino foi estimada em 9,16 enquanto a correlação anatômica entre este e a anatomia humana recebeu o escore médio de 8,07. O modelo foi aprovado e considerado útil no ensino da dissecção venosa. Conclusão: o treinamento de dissecção venosa em modelo porcino apresentou boa aceitação entre estudantes e residentes de medicina desta Instituição. Este modelo simples e de fácil confecção, tem potencial como instrumento de aprendizado por sua semelhança com a anatomia humana, e baixo custo.


Subject(s)
Animals , Venous Cutdown/education , Costs and Cost Analysis , Education, Medical/economics , Education, Medical/methods , Swine , Models, Animal
2.
Acta cir. bras ; 32(2): 157-167, Feb. 2017. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-837683

ABSTRACT

Abstract Purpose: To investigate a method for development of surgical skills in medical students simulating venous dissection in surgical ex vivo pig model. Methods: Prospective, analytical, experimental, controlled study with four stages: selection, theoretical teaching, training and assessment. Sample of 312 students was divided into two groups: Group A - 2nd semester students; Group B - students of 8th semester. The groups were divided into five groups of 12 students, trained two hours per week in the semester. They set up four models to three students in each skill station assisted by a monitor. Teaching protocol emergency procedures training were applied to venous dissection, test goal-discursive and OSATS scale. Results: The pre-test confirmed that the methodology has not been previously applied to the students. The averages obtained in the theoretical evaluation reached satisfactory parameters in both groups. The results of applying OSATS scale showed the best performance in group A compared to group B, however, both groups had satisfactory medium. Conclusion: The method was enough to raise a satisfactory level of skill both groups in venous dissection running on surgical swine ex vivo models.


Subject(s)
Animals , Students, Medical , Venous Cutdown/education , Dissection/education , Education, Medical, Undergraduate/methods , Schools, Medical , Swine , Prospective Studies , Clinical Competence , Models, Educational , Educational Measurement , Models, Anatomic
3.
Lima; s.n; 2013. 73 p. tab, graf.
Thesis in Spanish | LILACS, LIPECS | ID: lil-713869

ABSTRACT

Ante la creciente demanda de pacientes hospitalizados en todas las unidades, hace que los pacientes estén en constante contacto con el personal de salud incrementando la predisposición a adquirir infecciones intrahospitalarias, por lo que es necesario proponernos como objetivo evitar riesgos de infección de los pacientes hospitalizados ya que es su derecho a ser protegido contra riesgos de infecciones intrahospitalarias, ante esto la enfermera juega un rol fundamental por ser la que quien brinda cuidado humanizado al paciente neonatal. El presente estudio "Conocimientos sobre medidas de bioseguridad del profesional de enfermería en la inserción y cuidado del catéter intravascular del servicio de neonatología y pediatría del Hospital Nacional Ramiro Prialé Prialé Huancayo 2012", tiene como objetivo determinar el nivel de conocimientos sobre medidas de bioseguridad del profesional de enfermería en la inserción y cuidado del catéter intravascular en el servicio de neonatología y pediatría en el Hospital Nacional Ramiro Prialé Prialé Huancayo, tuvo como objetivo; determinar el nivel de conocimientos de las medidas de bioseguridad en la inserción y cuidados de catéteres del personal profesional de enfermería en el servicio de Neonatología y Pediatría del Hospital Nacional Ramiro Prialé Prialé Huancayo 2012. El método fue descriptivo, exploratorio de corte transversal. La población estuvo conformada por 25 enfermeras Con el propósito de proporcionar información actualizada a las autoridades del departamento de enfermería a fin de promover en el profesional de enfermería la aplicación de las medidas de bioseguridad para el control de las infecciones intrahospitalarias y prevenir enfermedades. Los resultados fueron: Acerca de los conocimientos sobre medidas de bioseguridad en la inserción y cuidado del catéter intravascular del 100 por ciento (25), 72 por ciento (18) conocen y 28 por ciento (07) no conocen. Según dimensiones en la inserción del catéter...


With the growing demand of patients hospitalized in all units, makes patients are in constant contact with health personnel increased susceptibility to acquiring nosocomial infections, so it is necessary to propose intended to prevent the risk of infection of inpatients and it is their right to be protected against the risk of nosocomial infections, before this the nurse plays a key role by being the one who gives the patient humanized neonatal care. The present study "Knowledge of biosafety measures nurse in the insertion and care of intravascular catheter in the neonatology and pediatric service of the National Hospital Prialé Ramiro Prialé Huancayo 2012", aims to determine the level of knowledge about biosafety measures nurse in the insertion and care of intravascular catheter in neonatology and pediatrics service at the National Hospital Prialé Ramiro Prialé Huancayo, aims to determine the level of knowledge of biosecurity measures in catheter insertion and care staff nurse in the Neonatal and Pediatric Service of the National Hospital Prialé Ramiro Prialé Huancayo 2012, The method was descriptive, exploratory cross section. The population consisted of 25 nurses In order to provide updated information to the nursing department authorities to pro mote nursing professional in the application of biosecurity measures to control nosocomial infections and prevent disease. The results were about knowledge of biosecurity measures in the insertion and intra vascular catheter care 100 per cent (25), 72 per cent (18) know and 28 per cent (07) do not know. According to dimensions in intravascular catheter insertion of 100 per cent (25), 20 per cent (05) do not know and 80 per cent (20) known, with respect to the dimension intravascular catheter care 100 per cent (25), 72 per cent (18) know and 28 per cent (07) do not know. Conclusion: The knowledge of: nurses regarding biosafety measures before and during insertion of peripheral venous catheter vascular intra and...


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adolescent , Young Adult , Catheterization/nursing , Neonatal Nursing , /prevention & control , Venous Cutdown/nursing , Cross Infection/prevention & control , Patient Safety , Evaluation Studies as Topic , Prospective Studies , Cross-Sectional Studies
4.
Metro cienc ; 19(1): 5-9, mar. 2010. ilus
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-555105

ABSTRACT

Objetivo: Determinar el astigmatismo inducido en facoemulsificación con incisión de 2.2 mm y el efecto de la ampliación de la incisión hasta 2.75 mm, sobre el astigmatismo pre-existente y la calidad de agudeza visual. Lugar: Servicio de Oftalmología, Club de Leones y Hospital Metropolitano, Quito - Ecuador. Método: Se realizó un estudio prospectivo que analizó 20 ojos de 15 pacientes con catarata nuclear o corticonuclear de grado r a nI, intervenidos mediante técnica de facoemulsificación a través de una incisión hora doce en córnea clara; los pacientes fueron divididos en 2 grupos, el primero (9 ojos) con astigmatismo preoperatorio leve (hasta 0.75 D) tuvo una incisión de 2.2 mm y el segundo grupo (11 ojos) con astigmatismo moderado (hasta 2.75 D) tuvo una incisión de 2.75 mm. Un lente AcrySof IQ fue implantado en todos los ojos. Valores auto¬queratométricos fueron obtenidos preoperatoriamente, y a los 8 y 30 días postoperatorios para valorar la variación experimentada en el astigmatismo. Resultados: La agudeza visual final sin corrección fue de 20/20 en 8 ojos (40 por ciento),20/25 en 7 (35 por ciento),20/30 en 2 (10 por ciento), 20/40 en 2 (10 por ciento), Y 20/70 en un ojo (5 por ciento); la agudeza menor de 20/50 estuvo relacionada con alteraciones miópicas. El promedio de astigmatismo quirúrgico inducido en el grupo de ojos con incisión de 2.2 mm fue de 0.36 ± 0.25 D Y en el de 2.75 mm fue de 0.52 ± 0.31 D. En el grupo total de casos estudiados, las diferencias entre el astigmatismo corneal preoperatorio (0.99 ± 0.75 D) Y el postoperatorio a la semana (0.89 ± 0.63 D) Y al mes (0.79 ± 0.5 D) no fueron estadísticamente significativas (p = 0.33) (p = 0.09); sin embargo, en el grupo de ampliación incisional con un astigmatismo previo medio de 1.4 ± 0.74 D, si se evidenció una diferencia significativa a los 8 y 30 días postquirúrgicos (1.1 ± 0.81 D) (p= 0.0 1) Y (0.89 ± 0.65 D) (p= < 0.001), respectivamente. Conclusión: La ampliación de la incisión de 2.2 mm hasta 2.75 mm en la cirugía de...


Subject(s)
Astigmatism/surgery , Phacoemulsification , Venous Cutdown
5.
Cienc. enferm ; 14(2): 47-53, dic. 2008.
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-558539

ABSTRACT

Objetivo: conocer las causas que se asocian a multipunción en el recién nacido, con el propósito de focalizar estrategias de mejoramiento. Material y Método: Diseño de corte transversal y asociación. Muestra: 371 protocolos clínicos de vías venosas periféricas; variables: edad gestacional, motivo de retiro, horas de duración. Resultados: 60,65 por ciento de las wp corresponden a recién nacidos mayores de 1500grs. y 39,35 por ciento a recién nacidos de muy bajo peso de nacimiento (<1500grs). El 64,42 por ciento de las vías, se instala en primera punción y 35,58 por ciento requiere más de un intento. En viabilidad de las vías venosas periféricas, 68,45 por ciento permanece in situ más de 24 horas, 30,45 por ciento más de 48 horas, 1,08 por ciento menos de una hora y 22,37 por ciento entre 49 y 72 horas. En recién nacidos pretérmino, el 62,68 por ciento de las vías venosas periféricas duró menos de 72 horas in situ y en el recién nacido de término, 37,32 por ciento, p: 0.038. Motivo de retiro de las vías: 34,77 por ciento por extravasación, 15,36 por ciento por término de uso, 10,51 por ciento por vencimiento y flebitis 12,67 por ciento. Conclusiones: Existe un elevado porcentaje de multipunción, extravasación y limitada duración. Se debe considerar movilidad del neonato, inmovilización, características de la piel y la calidad de los insumos.


Objective: to know the causes associated to multi venipucture site in the NB, in order to focus improvement strategies. Material and Method: Design of cross section and association. Sample: 371 clinical protocols of pvc; variables: gestacional age, remove reason, hours of duration. Results: 60,65 percent of pvc correspond to more than 1500grs NB. And 39,35 percent to VLBWI (< 1500grs). 64,42 percent of the catheter, is settle in a first puncture and 35,58 percent require more than one attempt. In viability of pvc, 68,45 percent stay in situ more than 24 hours, 30,45 percent more than 48 hours, 1,08 percent less than one hour and 22,37 percent between 49 and 72 hours. In PI the 62,68 percent of pvc lasted less than 72 hours in situ and in the TI 37,32 percent, p: 0.038. Reason of the replacement central: 34,77 percent by extrusión, 15,36 percent by cease, 10,51 percent by expiration and phlebitis 12,67 percent. Conclusions: highpercentage of multi venipucture, extrusión and limited duration. To consider mobility of the newborn, immobilization, characteristics of the skin and supplies quality.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Infant, Newborn , Catheterization, Peripheral/adverse effects , Infant, Newborn , Intensive Care, Neonatal , Venous Cutdown/adverse effects
6.
Rev. argent. cir. plást ; 14(3): 129-136, abr.2008. ilus
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-557537

ABSTRACT

La disminución del volumen de la estructura esquelética de la cara ocasiona flaccidez de todos los elementos que se apoyan sobre ella y su subsecuente caída. A falta de recurso efectivo para lograr la recuperación del volumen óseo, lo indicado es restaurar la relación entre las partes blandas y el volumen óseo vigente. Basados en este principio, hemos desarrollado el procedimiento de restauración facial subperióstico miniinvasivo. En este trabajo describimos la aplicación de este procedimiento para la restauración de la región frontal... Se describen los medios para realizar este procedimiento por las vías frontal y transpalpebral, y combinando ambas vías. Sobre la base de la anatomía quirúrgica, se da orientación para lograr las metas del procedimiento y evitar complicaciones. Se mencionan los procedimientos que se pueden asociar a este procedimiento y se describen los detalles del manejo posoperatorio.


The reduction of the bony structure of the face is the main reason of the flabbiness and fall of the facial soft tissues. Because we do not have already recourses to restore the lost bony volume, a good possibility is to reestablish a good relationship between the soft tissues and the present bony volume. Based on this principle we have developed the procedure of mini-invasive subperiosteal facial restoration. In this paper we described the application of this procedure to restore the frontal region... The maneuvers and instrumentation used to perform this procedure through frontal, aplpebral or combining both approaches are described. Based on the surgical anatomy, orientation and advices to reach the goals of the procedure and to avoid complications are given. The ancillary procedures, which could be associated to this procedure, are described as well as the details of the post-op care.


Subject(s)
Humans , Face/surgery , Endoscopy , Skin Aging/physiology , Facial Bones , Facial Muscles , Muscle Hypotonia/diagnosis , Rhytidoplasty , Venous Cutdown
7.
Korean Circulation Journal ; : 500-504, 2008.
Article in English | WPRIM | ID: wpr-57376

ABSTRACT

In surgeries that require the implantation of a pacemaker, the endocardial pacemaker leads are introduced into the cardiac chambers through subclavian or axillary venous catheterization or cephalic vein cutdown. The drawback of this type of surgery is scarring of the pectoral area, which can be a serious cosmetic problem especially for young women. In this study, we report on 2 cases where a permanent pacemaker in two young women with symptomatic bradycardia was implanted using a transaxillary incision. Both patients successfully recovered with no complications and were asymptomatic for more than 17 months after the procedure. Therefore, we found that implantation of a pacemaker via transaxillary incision provided excellent cosmetic results and should be considered in young women that require this type of surgery.


Subject(s)
Female , Humans , Axilla , Bradycardia , Catheterization , Catheters , Cicatrix , Cosmetics , Venous Cutdown
8.
Journal of the Korean Society of Emergency Medicine ; : 474-480, 2008.
Article in English | WPRIM | ID: wpr-95800

ABSTRACT

PURPOSE: Emergency procedures are highly dependent on the skill and experience of the physician performing them. Recent advances in light embalming techniques have enabled us to train students on more "realistic" cadavers. The purpose of this study was to report on or 3-year experience with lightly embalmed cadaver-based training and evaluate the student satisfaction with this approach. METHODS: Lightly embalmed cadavers were prepared by the Department of Anatomy. The course was held every March for 3 years. In 2007, we held a 6-hour course for 16 first-year emergency medicine residents from various hospitals. We had procedure and demonstration stations for airway management, tube thoracostomy, central venous catheterization, venous cutdown, pericardiocentesis, intraosseous insertion, open thoracostomy, and lumbar puncture. We evaluated the students' level of satisfaction with the course by giving pre- and post-course evaluations to all students. RESULTS: Based on our experience from the two prior courses, the 2007 curriculum was divided into three parts: didactic lecture, procedure stations and demonstration stations. Pre- and post-course scores were compared for the following: knowledge of the indications and contraindications for the procedures; ability and confidence in performing the procedures; and the ability to perform procedures on actual patients. For 26 items out of a total of 32 items(81.3%), the scores from the post-course evaluation were statistically higher than the scores from the pre-course evaluation. CONCLUSION: Lightly embalmed cadavers are excellent training models for emergency procedures. From our 3-year experience with this method, we were able to develop a training course that was satisfactory to students.


Subject(s)
Humans , Airway Management , Cadaver , Catheterization, Central Venous , Central Venous Catheters , Curriculum , Embalming , Emergencies , Emergency Medicine , Light , Pericardiocentesis , Spinal Puncture , Thoracostomy , Venous Cutdown
9.
RMJ-Rawal Medical Journal. 2008; 33 (2): 252-253
in English | IMEMR | ID: emr-90009

ABSTRACT

To determine the effect of training on medical students' capabilities in performing cutdown and inserting chest tube in clinical skill department. A questionnaire was used to gather data separately in two procedures, with 10 questions for each procedure and Likert scale [from very much=6 to very little=1] was used. Data were analyzed using statistical descriptive method. Regarding the needed skills in inserting chest tube students' average significantly increased from 40.4 +/- 17.39 to 81.2 +/- 16.71, and in the case of performing cutdown, it significantly increased from 39.4 +/- 16.91 to 83.5 +/- 10.43 [p < 0.000]. The needed skills significantly increased medical students' self-perceived effectiveness of the trainings in their performances regarding inserting chest tube and performing cutdown in the training center of clinical skills department


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Chest Tubes , Venous Cutdown , Educational Measurement , Education, Medical, Undergraduate , Students, Medical
10.
Journal of the Korean Association of Pediatric Surgeons ; : 67-74, 2008.
Article in Korean | WPRIM | ID: wpr-180182

ABSTRACT

The usefulness of totally implantable central venous port for long-term intravenous infusion is widely accepted in children. Usually the catheters are placed through the internal or external jugular vein. In case of jugular vein cut-down, two separate incisions are needed for catheter and port respectively. Patients also feel uncomfortable as the catheter run through the neck. However these disadvantages can be overcome by using the cephalic vein (CV). We reviewed our experiences on CV cut-down for totally implantable central venous port in children. From January 2002 to December 2006, 201 patients (M:F=127:74) underwent 218 central venous port insertions. Mean age at operation was 5.9 years (2 months - 19 years). Indications included chemotherapy (N=167), long-term intravenous antibiotics infusion (N=36), and total parenteral nutrition (N=15). CV was selected preferentially. The incision includes the deltopectoral triangle laterally, and both the CV cut-down and port insertion were achieved with a single incision. The number of insertion through external, internal jugular vein, and CV was 77, 66 and 75, respectively. The median age, height and body weight were higher in CV cut-down group. The youngest age for CV cut-down was 8 months, the shortest height was 69 cm and the smallest body weight was 5.9 kg. Of 118 trials of CV cut-down, cut-down was successful in 75 cases (63.6 %). CV was absent in 10 cases(8.4 %) and CV was sacrificed after catheter tip malposition in 10 cases (8.4 %). There was only one complication, in which the catheter was inserted into the minute branch of subclavian artery. The CV cut-down method for totally implantable central venous port was safe and feasible in selected groups of patients in children. In addition, preservation of jugular vein and a more favorable cosmetic effect are other benefits of CV cut-down.


Subject(s)
Child , Humans , Anti-Bacterial Agents , Body Weight , Catheterization, Central Venous , Catheters , Cosmetics , Infusions, Intravenous , Jugular Veins , Neck , Parenteral Nutrition, Total , Subclavian Artery , Veins , Venous Cutdown
11.
Rev. colomb. cancerol ; 11(2): 129-132, jun. 2007. ilus
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-484510

ABSTRACT

Los sarcomas corresponden al 1porciento de los tumores malignos; de éstos, el 15porciento se localiza en el retroperitoneo. La mayoría de las vecesalcanzan un gran tamaño en el momento de ser diagnosticados, por lo cual comprimen y desplazan órganos retroperitoneales. La mayoría de los pacientes que consultan al Instituto Nacional de Cancerologia han sido sometidos a resecciones quirúrgicas previas, conlesiones de varios años de evolución, lo que incrementa la dificultad para la resección quirúrgica. Generalmente en las reintervenciones se encuentran múltiples adherencias a órganos intraabdominales yretroperitoneales, como son las asas intestinales, el bazo, el riñón, el diafragma, el músculo psoas, la columna vertebral, la pelvis y los tejidos paravertebrales, lo cual hace que muchos de estos tumores no pueden ser resecados completamente con una incisión en línea media.Reportamos un caso en el cual se realizó una incisión en línea media xifopúbica extendida lateralmente, subcostal izquierda, para abordar y resecar un tumor retroperitoneal recidivante (6a intervención), el cual se extendía al diafragma izquierdo, la columna vertebral, el músculopsoas y las estructuras paravertebrales. Se logró una reseccion completa de la lesión. No se encontró aumento en las complicacionesrelacionadas con la incisión.


Subject(s)
Peritoneum , Sarcoma , Venous Cutdown
13.
Med. infant ; 13(1): 5-10, mar. 2006. tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-435084

ABSTRACT

Introducción: el impacto que generan las bacteriemias asociadas a cvc es muy importante. Como parte de un programa de prevención de las bacteriemias asociadas a CVC se evaluó el exceso de costo atribuible a dichas infecciones y el costo beneficio del programa. Métodos: Se compararon las tasas de BI asociadas a CVC ocurridas en el período previo (PreI)y posterior a las intervenciones (PostI). Se utilizaron las definiciones desarrolladas por el NNIS. Se calculó el costo atribuible a través de la diferencia casos y controles. Se analizó el costo por infección y el total del período. Resultados: la tasa global anual de BI asociadas a CVC fue de 7.6 por 1000 pacientes días. La tasa de BI se redujo en Post I en forma significativa con una tasa de 5.7 BI/1000 pacientes día versus 10,2 BI/1000 en el período previo (p=0.03; RR 0.56 IC 95 por ciento 0.33, 0.95). La fracción prevenible es de 44 por ciento. IC 95 por ciento 5.44, 67.3. El numero de BI estimativamente evitadas en el Post I fue de 14. El exceso de costo promedio atribuible a las BI asociadas a CVC fue de U$S 5180. Conclusión: un programa de BI puede reducir las tasas de infección y dichas actividades son cruciales para reducir los costos extra asociados.Palabras clave: Bacteriemias asociadas, prevención


Subject(s)
Infant , Child, Preschool , Child , Bacteria , Catheterization, Central Venous , Catheters, Indwelling , Cost-Benefit Analysis , Venous Cutdown
14.
New Egyptian Journal of Medicine [The]. 2006; 35 (2): 77-80
in English | IMEMR | ID: emr-79835

ABSTRACT

The purpose of the present study was to throw more light on the anatomy of the cephalic vein in the forearm, especially in relation to easily identified bony landmarks. This may facilitate its use in cases of venous cut-down procedures. Dissection was performed on eighteen cadaveric specimens of human upper limbs in both sexes. The vein was found to begin from the radial end of the dorsal venous network of the hand. It lied in the superficial fascia, ascending on the lateral side of the forearm to the arm. Through its course, the only part to be related to a bony prominence was that lying on the lateral side of distal end of radius. Its position was behind the anterior edge of radius. This might be an anatomical basis to use this vein as an alternative to the great saphenous vein in cases that need surgical venous cut-down, when the superficial veins are not visible as in a state of shock. Superficial radial nerve was found to lie on the medial side of cephalic vein on the dorsum of the hand. Recognition of this consistent location to the vein facilitates its surgical exposure. This helps in localization of the vein through a limited incision, with uncomplicated and favorable outcome


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Forearm , Dissection , Cadaver , Venous Cutdown
15.
J. bras. med ; 87(3): 13-20, set. 2004. ilus, tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-564818

ABSTRACT

A canulação do sistema venoso central é um procedimento cirúrgico que faz parte da clínica diária. A obtenção de um acesso central é essencial para a administração de drogas, líquidos e nutrição, além de servir para a monitoração rigorosa do momento hemodinâmico do paciente. Neste artigo, o autor revisa todas as etapas para o acesso venoso central: a preparação, as indicações, as contra-indicações, a utilidade clínica e as técnicas de punção.


Central venous catheterization is an essential tool for fluid and drug administration, monitoring of hemodynamic parameters and blood sampling in critically ill patients. Preparation, indications, contraindications and techniques for catheterization are reviwed.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Catheterization, Central Venous/adverse effects , Catheterization, Central Venous/methods , Catheterization, Central Venous/standards , Catheterization, Central Venous/trends , Catheterization, Central Venous , Punctures/methods , Venous Cutdown/methods , Femoral Vein , Catheter-Related Infections/prevention & control , Jugular Veins , Subclavian Vein
18.
Notas enferm. (Córdoba) ; 1(1): 13-14, 2001.
Article in Spanish | LILACS, BDENF | ID: lil-421803

ABSTRACT

Las normas, protocolos tienen el objetivo de trazar lineamientos a seguir, para establecer claras formas de funcionamiento y asi también poder desarrollar controles de calidad para optimizar el cuidado y poder medir y evaluar resultados, que nos permiten crecer. Esta norma fue elaborada en el año 1997 y revisada en el año 1999 y 2001


Subject(s)
Humans , Catheterization, Peripheral/adverse effects , Catheterization, Peripheral/nursing , Catheterization, Peripheral/standards , Venous Cutdown/classification , Venous Cutdown/adverse effects , Venous Cutdown/nursing
19.
Rev. mex. angiol ; 27(4): 89-94, oct.-dic. 1999. ilus
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-256668

ABSTRACT

Actualmente con el advenimiento de la cirugía de mínima invasión y los diferentes estudios y procedimientos endovasculares, se ha observado un incremento en el número de lesiones vasculares iatrogénicas. Presentamos 12 años de experiencia acumulada con el manejo de 28 pacientes que sufrieron trauma vascular iatrogénico, secundario a accesos vasculares y cateterismos en el 39.28 por ciento, cirugía ortopédica 35.71 por ciento, cirugía general 14.28 por ciento y en cirugía ginecológica 10.71 por ciento. De éstos, el 85.71 por ciento ocurrió en adultos y el 14.28 por ciento en niños. En el 83.33 por ciento de los casos las lesiones fueron arteriales y en el 16.66 por ciento venosas. Dos pacientes (7.14 por ciento) fallecieron y dos requirieron amputación


Subject(s)
Humans , Catheterization , Catheters, Indwelling , Embolization, Therapeutic , Iatrogenic Disease , Venous Cutdown , Psychotherapeutic Processes , Arteries/injuries , Veins/injuries
20.
Bol. Cient. Asoc. Chil. Segur ; 1(2): 15-26, dic. 1999. ilus, tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-318093

ABSTRACT

Se ha experimentado un aumento de infecciones particularmente en los pacientes hospitalizados y/o portadores de alguna modalidad de inmunosupresión. El uso excesivo de nuevos y más potentes antimicrobianos y de antineoplásicos que producen alteraciones de las barreras mucosas del tracto gastrointestinal con atenuación de la función inmune celular, la utilización de catéteres intravasculares que provocan quiebre de la integridad de las barreras cutáneas, el empleo de nutrición parenteral, procedimientos quirúrgicos más agresivos, hemodiálisis, entre otros, son factores que han influido para el creciente número de enfermedades fúngicas oportunistas por nuevos agentes. Entre los microorganismos emergentes cabe resaltar especialmente las levaduras entre ellas Candida no albicans, accharomyces spp., debaryomyces spp., Hansenula spp., etc. Casos de fungemia por especies de levaduras sexuadas, Hansenula han surgido en las últimas décadas, relacionadas principalmente a 2 factores: inmunodepresión y el uso de catéter. Ese hecho ha despertado la atención de los pesquisadores para un estudio más detallado sobre Hansenula spp. El análisis de 30 muestras de Hansenula anomala de origen humano (21) y ambiental (9) en cuanto a su morfología, producción de ascosporos y evaluación del perfil de sensibilidad frente a 5 antifúngicos por métodos estandarizados, (NCCLS) fue el objetivo de nuestra investigación. Los aspectos macromorfológicos y micromorfológicos fueron estudiados a temperatura ambiente, respectivamente en medios de agar sabouraud glucosado y agar fuba con tween 80...


Subject(s)
Humans , Antifungal Agents/therapeutic use , Antifungal Agents , Pichia , Fungi , Cross Infection/epidemiology , Microbial Sensitivity Tests , Pichia , Venous Cutdown
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